// Copyright (c) 2019-2021, Sylabs Inc. All rights reserved.
// This software is licensed under a 3-clause BSD license. Please consult the
// LICENSE.md file distributed with the sources of this project regarding your
// rights to use or distribute this software.

package overlay

import (
	"context"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"os/exec"
	"path/filepath"
	"strings"
	"sync"
	"syscall"

	"github.com/sylabs/singularity/v4/internal/pkg/util/bin"
	"github.com/sylabs/singularity/v4/pkg/sylog"
	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
)

// statfs is the function pointing to unix.Statfs and
// also used by unit tests for mocking.
var statfs = unix.Statfs

type dir uint8

const (
	_ dir = iota << 1
	lowerDir
	upperDir
)

type filesys struct {
	name       string
	overlayDir dir
}

const (
	nfs    int64 = 0x6969
	fuse   int64 = 0x65735546
	ecrypt int64 = 0xF15F
	lustre int64 = 0x0BD00BD0 //nolint:misspell
	gpfs   int64 = 0x47504653
	panfs  int64 = 0xAAD7AAEA
)

var incompatibleFilesys = map[int64]filesys{
	// NFS filesystem
	nfs: {
		name:       "NFS",
		overlayDir: upperDir,
	},
	// FUSE filesystem
	fuse: {
		name:       "FUSE",
		overlayDir: upperDir,
	},
	// ECRYPT filesystem
	ecrypt: {
		name:       "ECRYPT",
		overlayDir: lowerDir | upperDir,
	},
	// LUSTRE filesystem
	//nolint:misspell
	lustre: {
		name:       "LUSTRE",
		overlayDir: lowerDir | upperDir,
	},
	// GPFS filesystem
	gpfs: {
		name:       "GPFS",
		overlayDir: lowerDir | upperDir,
	},
	// panfs filesystem
	panfs: {
		name:       "PANFS",
		overlayDir: lowerDir | upperDir,
	},
}

func check(path string, d dir) error {
	stfs := &unix.Statfs_t{}

	if err := statfs(path, stfs); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("could not retrieve underlying filesystem information for %s: %w", path, err)
	}

	fs, ok := incompatibleFilesys[int64(stfs.Type)]
	if !ok || (ok && fs.overlayDir&d == 0) {
		return nil
	}

	return &errIncompatibleFs{
		path: path,
		name: fs.name,
		dir:  d,
	}
}

// CheckUpper checks if the underlying filesystem of the
// provided path can be used as an upper overlay directory.
func CheckUpper(path string) error {
	return check(path, upperDir)
}

// CheckLower checks if the underlying filesystem of the
// provided path can be used as lower overlay directory.
func CheckLower(path string) error {
	return check(path, lowerDir)
}

type errIncompatibleFs struct {
	path string
	name string
	dir  dir
}

func (e *errIncompatibleFs) Error() string {
	overlayDir := "lower"
	if e.dir == upperDir {
		overlayDir = "upper"
	}
	return fmt.Sprintf(
		"%s is located on a %s filesystem incompatible as overlay %s directory",
		e.path, e.name, overlayDir,
	)
}

// IsIncompatible returns if the error corresponds to
// an incompatible filesystem error.
func IsIncompatible(err error) bool {
	if _, ok := err.(*errIncompatibleFs); ok {
		return true
	}
	return false
}

var ErrNoRootlessOverlay = errors.New("rootless overlay not supported by kernel")

// CheckRootless checks whether the kernel overlay driver supports unprivileged use in a user namespace.
func CheckRootless() error {
	mountBin, err := bin.FindBin("mount")
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("while looking for mount command: %w", err)
	}

	tmpDir, err := os.MkdirTemp("", "check-overlay")
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("while creating temporary directories: %w", err)
	}
	defer os.RemoveAll(tmpDir)

	lowerDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "l")
	if err := os.Mkdir(lowerDir, 0o777); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("while creating temporary directories: %w", err)
	}
	upperDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "u")
	if err := os.Mkdir(upperDir, 0o777); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("while creating temporary directories: %w", err)
	}
	workDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "w")
	if err := os.Mkdir(workDir, 0o777); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("while creating temporary directories: %w", err)
	}
	mountDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "m")
	if err := os.Mkdir(mountDir, 0o777); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("while creating temporary directories: %w", err)
	}

	args := []string{
		"-t", "overlay",
		"-o", fmt.Sprintf("lowerdir=%s,upperdir=%s,workdir=%s,userxattr", lowerDir, upperDir, workDir),
		"none",
		mountDir,
	}

	cmd := exec.Command(mountBin, args...)
	cmd.SysProcAttr = &syscall.SysProcAttr{}
	// Unshare user and mount namespace
	cmd.SysProcAttr.Unshareflags = syscall.CLONE_NEWUSER | syscall.CLONE_NEWNS
	// Map to user to root inside the user namespace
	cmd.SysProcAttr.UidMappings = []syscall.SysProcIDMap{
		{
			ContainerID: 0,
			HostID:      os.Getuid(),
			Size:        1,
		},
	}
	cmd.SysProcAttr.GidMappings = []syscall.SysProcIDMap{
		{
			ContainerID: 0,
			HostID:      os.Getgid(),
			Size:        1,
		},
	}
	out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
	if err != nil {
		sylog.Debugf("Rootless overlay not supported on this system: %s\n%s", err, out)
		return ErrNoRootlessOverlay
	}

	sylog.Debugf("Rootless overlay appears supported on this system.")
	return nil
}

// Info about kernel support for unprivileged overlays
var unprivOverlays struct {
	kernelSupport bool
	initOnce      sync.Once
	err           error
}

// UnprivOverlaysSupported checks whether there is kernel support for unprivileged overlays. The actual check is performed only once and cached in the unprivOverlays variable, above.
func UnprivOverlaysSupported() (bool, error) {
	unprivOverlays.initOnce.Do(func() {
		err := CheckRootless()
		if err == nil {
			unprivOverlays.kernelSupport = true
			return
		}

		if err == ErrNoRootlessOverlay {
			unprivOverlays.kernelSupport = false
			return
		}

		unprivOverlays.err = err
	})

	if unprivOverlays.err != nil {
		return false, unprivOverlays.err
	}

	return unprivOverlays.kernelSupport, nil
}

// ensureOverlayDir checks if a directory already exists; if it doesn't, and
// createIfMissing is true, it attempts to create it with the specified
// permissions.
func EnsureOverlayDir(dir string, createIfMissing bool, createPerm os.FileMode) error {
	if len(dir) == 0 {
		return fmt.Errorf("internal error: ensureOverlayDir() called with empty dir name")
	}

	_, err := os.Stat(dir)
	if err == nil {
		return nil
	}

	if !os.IsNotExist(err) {
		return err
	}

	if !createIfMissing {
		return fmt.Errorf("missing overlay dir %q", dir)
	}

	// Create the requested dir
	if err := os.Mkdir(dir, createPerm); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create %q: %w", dir, err)
	}

	return nil
}

// detachAndDelete performs an unmount system call on the specified directory,
// followed by deletion of the directory and all of its contents.
func DetachAndDelete(overlayDir string) error {
	sylog.Debugf("Detaching overlayDir %q", overlayDir)
	if err := syscall.Unmount(overlayDir, syscall.MNT_DETACH); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to unmount %s: %w", overlayDir, err)
	}

	sylog.Debugf("Removing overlayDir %q", overlayDir)
	if err := os.RemoveAll(overlayDir); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to remove %s: %w", overlayDir, err)
	}
	return nil
}

// DetachMount performs an unmount system call on the specified directory.
//
//nolint:revive
func DetachMount(ctx context.Context, dir string) error {
	sylog.Debugf("Calling syscall.Unmount() to detach %q", dir)
	if err := syscall.Unmount(dir, syscall.MNT_DETACH); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to detach %s: %w", dir, err)
	}

	return nil
}

// AbsOverlay takes an overlay description string (a path, optionally followed by a colon with an option string, like ":ro" or ":rw"), and replaces any relative path in the description string with an absolute one.
func AbsOverlay(desc string) (string, error) {
	splitted := strings.SplitN(desc, ":", 2)
	barePath := splitted[0]
	absBarePath, err := filepath.Abs(barePath)
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}
	absDesc := absBarePath
	if len(splitted) > 1 {
		absDesc += ":" + splitted[1]
	}

	return absDesc, nil
}